Porous titanium (Ti) scaffolds have been extensively utilized as bone substitute scaffolds due to their superior biocompatibility
and excellent mechanical properties. However, naturally formed TiO2 on the surface limits fast osseointegration. Different
biomolecules have been widely utilized to overcome this issue; however, homogeneous porous Ti scaffolds could not simultaneously
deliver multiple biomolecules that have different release behaviors. In this study, functionally graded porous Ti
scaffolds (FGPTs) with dense inner and porous outer parts were fabricated using a two-body combination and densification
procedure. FGPTs with growth factor (BMP-2) and antibiotics (TCH) exhibited suitable mechanical properties as bone substituting
material and presented good structural stability. The release of BMP-2 was considerably prolonged, whereas the
release of TCH was comparable to that of homogenous porous titanium scaffolds (control group). The osteogenic differentiation
obtained using FGPTs was maintained due to the prolonged release of BMP-2. The antimicrobial properties of these
scaffolds were verified using S. aureus in terms of prior release time. In addition, various candidates for graded porous Ti
scaffolds with altered pore characteristics were presented.